What is coulomb's law | Coulomb law statement and expression for exams

What is coulomb's law | Coulomb law statement and expression for exams | Coulombs law

In this article, we will be discussed what is coulomb law and its statement in standards.

What is COULOMB’ LAW?

In 1785, the french physicist charge Augustin Coulomb (1736-1806) experimentally measured the electric forces between small charged spheres by using a torsion balance. He formulated his observation in the form of coulomb’s law which is the electrical analog of Newton’s law of universal gravitation in mechanics.

➤ Coulomb law states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two stationary point charges is

Directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the two charges

Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This force acts along the line joining the two charges.

If two charges q1 and q2 are separated by the distance r, then the force act F of attraction or repulsion between them is such that

F∝ q1q2 and F∝ 1/r2

F∝ q1q2/r2

Thus F=k*q1q2/r2

Where k is a constant of proportionality, called electrostatic force constant. The value of k depends on the nature of the medium between the two charges and the system of units chosen to measure F,q1q2, and r.

Forte two charges located in free space and SI units, we have

k=1/4πε₀=9*109Nm2C-2

Where ε₀ is called the permittivity of free space. so we can express coulomb’s law in SI units as

F=1/4πε₀*q1q2/r2

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