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Types of Network Element | Active and Passive Network | linear and Non-linear Network | Circuit elements

In this article, we will discuss what are the basic network elements and types of network elements.


 Types of network elements

We can classify the Network elements into various types based on some parameters. Following are the types of network elements −

  •  Active Elements and Passive Elements  

  •  Linear Elements and Non-linear Elements 

  •  Bilateral Elements and Unilateral Elements  

  •  Lumped Elements and Distributed Elements


Active Elements and Passive Elements 


Active or passive based on the ability to deliver power.

Active Elements deliver power to other elements, which are present in an electric circuit. Sometimes, they may absorb the power like passive elements. That means active elements have the capability of both delivering and absorbing power. Examples: Voltage sources and current sources.  

Passive Elements can’t deliver power (energy) to other elements, however, they can absorb power. That means these elements either dissipate power in the form of heat or store energy in the form of either a magnetic field or an electric field. Examples: Resistors, Inductors, and capacitors.


Linear Elements and Non-Linear Elements 


linear or non-linear based on their characteristic to obey the property of linearity. 

Linear Elements are the elements that show a linear relationship between voltage and current. Examples: Resistors, Inductors, and capacitors.  

Non-Linear Elements are those that do not show a linear relationship between voltage and current. Examples: Voltage sources and current sources.


Bilateral Elements and Unilateral Elements 


Bilateral or unilateral based on the direction of current flow through the network elements. 

Bilateral Elements are the elements that allow the current in both directions and offer the same impedance in either direction of current flow. Examples: Resistors, Inductors, and capacitors.

Unilateral Elements are those that allow the current in only one direction. Hence, they offer different impedances in both directions


Lumped and Distributed Elements 


Lumped elements are those elements that are very small in size & in which simultaneous actions take place. Typical lumped elements are capacitors, resistors, inductors.

Distributed elements are those which are not electrically separable for analytical purposes. For example, a transmission line has distributed parameters along its length and may extend for hundreds of miles. 
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